Multidimensional array in Java

Lecture 47:-  Multidimensional array in Java

In Java, a multidimensional array is an array of arrays, where each element of the array can be another array. This allows you to create arrays with multiple dimensions, such as 2D arrays (arrays with rows and columns), 3D arrays (arrays with rows, columns, and depth), and so on. Multidimensional arrays are useful when you need to represent tabular data or store information in a matrix-like structure.

The syntax to declare and create a multidimensional array in Java is as follows:

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dataType[][] arrayName = new dataType[rows][columns];

Here, dataType represents the data type of the elements in the array, arrayName is the name of the array variable, rows is the number of rows in the array, and columns is the number of columns in each row. The rows and columns can be any positive integer.

Here's an example of a 2D array in Java:

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public class TwoDimensionalArrayExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Declare and create a 2D array of integers with 3 rows and 4 columns
        int[][] matrix = new int[3][4];

        // Assign values to the elements of the 2D array
        matrix[0][0] = 1;
        matrix[0][1] = 2;
        matrix[0][2] = 3;
        matrix[0][3] = 4;

        matrix[1][0] = 5;
        matrix[1][1] = 6;
        matrix[1][2] = 7;
        matrix[1][3] = 8;

        matrix[2][0] = 9;
        matrix[2][1] = 10;
        matrix[2][2] = 11;
        matrix[2][3] = 12;

        // Access and print the elements of the 2D array
        for (int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < matrix[i].length; j++) {
                System.out.print(matrix[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

Output:

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1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12

In the example above, we declare and create a 2D array named matrix with 3 rows and 4 columns. We then assign values to each element of the array using double square brackets notation (e.g., matrix[0][0], matrix[0][1], etc.). Finally, we use nested loops to access and print the elements of the 2D array in a tabular format.

Similarly, you can create 3D arrays, 4D arrays, and so on by adding more dimensions to the array declaration and initialization. Multidimensional arrays are a powerful tool to represent complex data structures and solve various problems involving multiple dimensions of data.

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