Exception Handling using Try Catch

Lecture 87:-  Exception Handling using Try Catch

Exception handling using try-catch blocks is a fundamental concept in Java programming. It allows you to handle runtime errors or exceptional situations in a structured and controlled way. When code that may potentially throw an exception is placed within a try block, the exception is caught and handled by an appropriate catch block, preventing it from causing the program to terminate abruptly.

Here's the basic syntax for using try-catch blocks in Java:

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try {
    // Code that may throw an exception
} catch (ExceptionType1 e1) {
    // Code to handle the exception of type ExceptionType1
} catch (ExceptionType2 e2) {
    // Code to handle the exception of type ExceptionType2
} // Add more catch blocks as needed for different exception types
finally {
    // Optional block for cleanup or finalization tasks
}

Let's walk through an example to see how try-catch blocks work:

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public class ExceptionHandlingExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            int result = divideNumbers(10, 0); // This method may throw an ArithmeticException
            System.out.println("Result: " + result); // This line won't be executed if an exception occurs
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.");
        }
        System.out.println("Program continues after exception handling."); // This line will be executed
    }

    public static int divideNumbers(int a, int b) {
        return a / b; // This line may throw an ArithmeticException if b is 0
    }
}

In this example, the divideNumbers method attempts to divide two numbers a and b. If b is 0, it will throw an ArithmeticException. To handle this potential exception, the method call is placed within a try block in the main method. The catch block that follows it is specific to ArithmeticException, and it handles the division-by-zero scenario by printing an error message.

If an exception occurs within the try block, the control is transferred to the catch block that matches the exception type. The code inside the catch block is executed, and the program continues its execution after the catch block, as shown in the example.

The finally block is optional. If it is present, the code within it will always execute, regardless of whether an exception occurred or not. This block is often used for cleanup tasks, such as closing resources like files or network connections.

By using try-catch blocks effectively, you can gracefully handle exceptional situations, provide meaningful feedback to users when errors occur, and prevent your program from crashing due to unhandled exceptions.

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