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In Java, the throw
and throws
keywords are used in exception handling to propagate and declare exceptions, respectively. Both keywords play a crucial role in handling exceptional situations in a program.
throw Keyword:
throw
keyword is used to explicitly throw an exception within a method or block of code.new
keyword and throw it using the throw
keyword.throw
keyword is:javaCopy codethrow new ExceptionType("Error message");
javaCopy codepublic void withdrawMoney(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException {
if (amount <= balance) {
balance -= amount;
} else {
throw new InsufficientFundsException("Insufficient funds in the account.");
}
}
throws Keyword:
throws
keyword is used in method signatures to declare that a method may throw one or more checked exceptions.throws
clause, it means that the method is not handling the exception within itself, and it is passing the responsibility of handling the exception to its caller.throws
keyword.throws
keyword is:javaCopy codereturnType methodName(parameters) throws ExceptionType1, ExceptionType2, ...
javaCopy codepublic void readDataFromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
// Code to read data from the file
}
Using throw
and throws
together in a method, you can create custom exceptions and propagate them to the calling code when certain exceptional conditions occur. The throws
keyword helps in informing the caller about the potential exceptions that may be thrown from a particular method, allowing for proper handling of these exceptions at the appropriate level in the call stack.
Remember that unchecked exceptions (runtime exceptions) do not need to be declared using the throws
keyword, and they can be thrown using the throw
keyword without the need for explicit declaration. However, checked exceptions must be either caught using try-catch blocks or declared in the method signature using the throws
keyword.
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