String In C (Introduction) in C Language

In C language, a string is a sequence of characters stored in consecutive memory locations, and represented by an array of characters. The array is typically terminated by a special character called the null character (\0).

Here is an example of how to declare and initialize a string in C:

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char str[] = "Hello, World!";

In the above example, the string "Hello, World!" is stored in an array of characters, and the last character of the array is the null character.

Strings in C can also be declared and initialized with the char* type, which is a pointer to the first character of the string. Here is an example:

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char* str = "Hello, World!";

There are several built-in string manipulation functions in C, such as:

strlen(char* str): This function returns the length of the string (excluding the null character).

strcpy(char* dest, char* src): This function copies the string in the src array to the dest array.

strcat(char* dest, char* src): This function concatenates the string in the src array to the end of the dest array.

strcmp(char* str1, char* str2): This function compares the two strings and returns 0 if they are equal, a negative value if the first string is lexicographically less than the second string, or a positive value if the first string is lexicographically greater than the second string.

strstr(char* str1, char* str2): This function returns a pointer to the first occurrence of the second string in the first string, or NULL if the second string is not found in the first string.

It's important to note that most of these functions are not secure and should be avoided if you are working with strings that come from an untrusted source. Also, in C language, string is not a built-in data type, so string manipulation functions have to be used to perform operations on strings.